for purchase. The foliage is often chewed by insects, but saplings were eaten by grazers such as cattle and diprotodon. Acacia peuce differs from many of its congeners in having large chartaceous seed pods (typically indehiscent) containing one to three unusually large seeds (~0.1 g) (Deveson 1980). It can grow to be 17 metres tall and live up to 500 years. They need 70 percent shading but can receive sun in the morning or late afternoon. Australian iconic species, Browse Acacia peuce or waddywood is one of the rarest and most striking trees that grows in the Australian arid zone. Associated species include shrubs such as Rhagodia, Atriplex, Grevillea stricta, Atlaya hemiglauca and Hakea leucoptera. See also Evolutionary anachronism#Australasian realm. FIGURE 1. Besides, the steps are easy and produce quicker plants. [8]Pastoralists used the tree to make highly durable and termite resistant fenceposts and stockyards from the timber. Acacia peuce stand Acacia peuce, commonly known as Birdsville wattle, waddy, waddi, or waddy-wood, is a tree species that is endemicto central Australia. Text Australian Broadcasting Corporation. In the Northern Territory, the species is restricted to the Mac Clark (Acacia peuce) Conservation Reserve which is surrounded by a pastoral lease, Andado Station. The difference in form of the tree on the two sites is itself interesting as is illustrated by Figures 3 and 4, the Andado stand being distinctly better than that near Birdsville The tree at Andado is known locally as "casuarina," a misapplication of the generic name for desert oak, Casuarina decaisneana, which it superficially resembles. The tree is not subjected to more than occasional very light frosts but exceedingly low humidity through much of the year is a feature of the habitat. D7811 Blackwood Acacia ( Acacia melanoxylon ). DR CATHERINE NANNO That's a really good question. ABC Education brings you high-quality educational content to use at home and in the classroom. Once the shell has undergone treatments, the germination success and speed is greatly increased. Waddy Wood There are 3 isolated populations of this species on the edge of the Simpson Desert. Data derived from Flora of Australia Volumes 11A (2001), 11B (2001) and 12 (1998), products of ABRS, Commonwealth of Australia. Even without its medical properties, this tree should be in Wills Ck [probably a tributary of the Diamantina R. near Birdsville, N.T., fide R.Grandison, J. Adelaide Bot. honour and celebrate the spiritual, cultural and customary connections of Traditional Owners to It reaches heights of 15 m and shades out most other plants. Seedlings send down a rapidly growing tap root in order to keep up with subsidence of the soil wetting front. Use 2 inch (5 cm.) Flowers 5-merous; sepals united near base. Plant seedlings outdoors in holes dug twice the depth and width as the original container. Phyllodes sometimes continuous with branchlet but normally indistinctly articulate, rigid on young plants, quadrangular with a yellowish nerve at apex of each angle, 812 cm long, sometimes to 40 cm, c. 1 mm wide, subulate (the slender, sharp points often broken off), smooth; pulvinus obscure. G H Glabrous tree to c. 15 m high, usually with short horizontal branches and pendulous branchlets and phyllodes; habit often conifer-like or sheoak-like. The next trick is to place healthy seeds in a bath of boiling water overnight. The Andado trees are taller and of better form than those near Birdsville, and the soil is less sandy at Andado. It is a small tree or large shrub, that is easily container grown in tubs. Get it as soon as Mon, Sep 19. In this study, a field survey was performed to assess the impact of P. juliflora on the surrounding native plants, followed by the effect of different concentrations of its aqueous leaf extract on seed germination and seedling growth of selected . The flower clusters of this tree are most unusual as N.T. Acacia erioloba grows into a small to medium-sized tree about 20 feet tall and 20-25 feet spread, and bears yellow, spherical flowers followed by furry, ear-shaped, woody pods. O P [4] The soils can be saline or contain high levels of gypsum. Sapling and juvenile trees have a conifer like habit and can take 3 years to reach a height of 1 metre (3ft). Seeds transverse, elliptic to almost circular, flat, 614 mm long, 48.5 mm wide, dull, dark brown-black, exarillate; funicle filiform, 710 mm long. Sign up for our newsletter. Zones 9-11. The bark is . Find diseases associated with this biological target and compounds tested against it in bioassay experiments. Excellent for tropical everyone's yard for its ornamental value. Mature tree 46 feet (15 meters) tall and 17.5 inches (46 centimeters) d.b.h. digitise (DigiVol), Education [7], Acacia peuce is most closely related to A. crombiei and A. First Australians and Traditional Custodians of the lands where we ANN JONES So these are Australia's loneliest trees. DR CATHERINE NANNO 170? Produces up cit. ANN JONES (VOICEOVER) And these trees also play a key ecological role as a refuge for birds and animals in this desert environment where temperatures soar regularly above 40 degrees. & analyse, Search WCAC . A most distinctive species on account of its habit and its large, flat, chartaceous pods with large, flat, non-arillate seeds. Image: By J Brew (Acacia decurrens Green Wattle Tree) [, The bark of this beautiful tree is used to make a decoction that Type: as for accepted name. The infertile seeds will float to the Flowers 5-merous; sepals united near base. L,D. It also makes a wonderful hedge plant that will make a protective barrier with it's thorns. (Right) spreading pendulous many-stemmed tree. Things are really cranking, I'd say, in this population. Acacia peuce is known only from a few localities on the SW, SE and NE margins of the Simpson Desert. They are quadrangular with a length of approximately 8 to 12 centimetres (3.1 to 4.7in) sometimes as long as 40cm (16in) with a width of about 1 millimetre (0.04in). But the actual kind of interactions, like, there's lots more to find out for sure. View the full Australian Trees and Their Ecosystems collection. And the really big ones, they look really funny, actually. The seeds are flat and large (6-14 mm long, 4-8.5 mm wide). This work is licensed under a Creative [7], Acacia peuce is most closely related to A. crombiei and A. The Arundapeoples know the tree as Aratara, the Pitta Pittaknow it as Kurriyapiriand Red Ochre Father while the lower Arrernteknow it as Arripar. 137 0 obj <>stream Wood extremely hard. Can't touch, no breaking the trees. to 20 cubic meters of firewood or pulpwood per Waddy, Waddi, Waddy-wood, Birdsville Wattle, Casuarina Wattle; aboriginal usages include Aratara (Arunda tribe), Kurriyapiri and Red Ochre Father (Pitta Pitta tribe), Kungariya (Midhaga tribe, now extinct), and Arripar (Lower Arrernte group). 30+ Golden Mimosa Seeds Albizzia Acacia Tree Yellow Wattle Tree Flower. A most distinctive species on account of its habit and its large, flat, chartaceous pods with large, flat, non-arillate seeds. It is widely available and cheap. This page was last modified on 8 April 2014, at 07:57. Features strongly in Aboriginal mythology, and the hard, heavy wood is used for the production of clubs, fide P.Latz, Bushfires & Bushtucker 113 (1995). 124 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<09113253C6F94E4D9616C89AC1909BF7>]/Index[98 40]/Info 97 0 R/Length 121/Prev 276951/Root 99 0 R/Size 138/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream Nothing is known of the growth rate of the tree except as a seedling, it being easy to raise from seed once that is obtained. Since germination is good and the plants are easy to raise by the methods used for other Acacias particularly by simply giving hot-water treatment to the seed before sowing, a sample of as few as 50 seeds should be adequate to allow preliminary tests with this tree over a wide area, since a good many such samples are now available.1. adapted to growing inside. Commons Attribution 3.0 Australia License, Search container plants inside and all can be raised outside in warmer FIGURE 7. The Acacia peuce, or waddy-wood, is described as "lonely" because it grows far from other trees in the deserts of the Northern Territory and Queensland. The following 10 files are in this category, out of 10 total. While its carpological characters are very similar to those of A. crombiei , it differs in having narrowly linear, flat phyllodes. It is hardy to zone 9 and higher and is frost tender. It has a distinctive habit more similar to a sheoak or a conifer. 13 (1981); M.Simmons, Acacias Australia 2: 45 & pl. A detailed discussion of the earliest records of the species, including the type collection, is given in R.Grandison, J. Adelaide Bot. DR CATHERINE NANNO And theory would have it that it's a protective mechanism that goes back to the days when it had megafauna possibly predating on it. [4][9] Stumps coppice vigorously after being cut for posts. [4], The species was originally described by the botanist Ferdinand von Mueller in 1863 that was published in the work Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae. This beautiful small evergreen tree from Australia is smothered with masses of exceptionally fine silver-grey, delicate foliage which is topped with fluffy, pale lemon, sweetly scented flowers in late winter and early spring. The climatic conditions under which it occurs are indicated by the station Charlotte Waters in the Northern Territory (Figure 2), somewhat to the west of the area of natural occurrence. [8] Pastoralists used the tree to make highly durable and termite resistant fenceposts and stockyards from the timber. So 40 years ago, this tree, which is not even taller than me yet, was a seedling? The very hard seed coat needs to be scarified (worn away) or softened before water can enter and germination can take place. They look like they're dancing with each other, or they've got a funny little lean to them into the wind. zcbang Rare Plant Flower Seed Acacia Dealbata Tree Or Shrub 100 Seeds - Silver Wattle Mimosa Seeds. This species is known from only three disjunct locations on the western and eastern edges of the Simpson Desert in central Australia ( Fig. Living Accessions. Known only from a few localities on the SW, SE and NE margins of the Simpson Desert. 0 Acacias are hardy survivors, and indeed some have the capacity to be weedy. All our resources are free and mapped to the Australian Curriculum. Source: Australian Plant Image Index (a.31241). This is, yeah, quite sensational, I'd say. They establish best on sandy sites which allow rapid root penetration and extraction of water at low soil water potentials but do not persist on source bordering dunes. It is more often found with associated grass species such as Astrebla and Eragrostis. regions, Browse Their specialisation is to sit and wait. North Bore, Andado. Found in only three locations worldwide, it survives at Mac Clark on a stony wind-swept plain where the average rainfall is 150mm. ANN JONES With all due respect, it looks like a Christmas tree. hb```f`` B,@QKB&00,IoqRyA Indigenous Australians used the hard and heavy wood of the tree to produce clubs or waddy. You may choose to use purchased seed starter mixture or make your own. CHRIS PAVEY I think that's a really fair point, yeah. N.T. This helps soften the tough exterior and enhance germination. It is rather slow growing but extremely robust and resistant to drought and makes a great shade tree for desert areas. They are quadrangular with a length of approximately 8 to 12 centimetres (3.1 to 4.7in) sometimes as long as 40cm (16in) with a width of about 1 millimetre (0.04in). - Acacia peuce. which was jointly published by the Australian Desert Legume Program. Racosperma peuce (F.Muell.) It is widely distributed in various types of savannas in southern Africa on sandy soils. A very quick-growing upright tree to 40 feet tall or much more with about a 20 feet width and, in maturity, an oval shaped crown. 10 miles north of Birdsville. This is a fast growing evergreen, medium sized A handful of Acacia seeds poster (PDF - 1.14 MB) This poster is A3 in size Acacia plants (commonly known as wattles) occur all over Australia, with representatives in many varied landscapes and habitats. [3] Contents 1Description 2Taxonomy 3Distribution - Botanical specimen with pods of Acacia peuce. ; B.R.Maslin, in J.P.Jessop (ed. Below are some of our favorites: Contact Us | Privacy Policy | About Us Image: By Acacia_dealbata_tree_1.jpg: Certo Xornal from Ribeira, Galicia, Espaaderivative work: Berichard (Acacia_dealbata_tree_1.jpg) [. So the tags are always at the front this way. An excellent landscape plant for arid regions and xeriscapes. 23 (1988). Phyllodes sometimes continuous with branchlet but normally indistinctly articulate, rigid on young plants, quadrangular with a yellowish nerve at apex of each angle, 812 cm long, sometimes to 40 cm, c. 1 mm wide, subulate, the slender, sharp points often broken off, smooth; pulvinus obscure. The trunk and branches are covered with a fibrous grey-brown bark. No mining near parks. When you see seeds begin to germinate, make up a batch of potting medium. Glabrous tree to c. 15 m high, usually with short horizontal branches and pendulous branchlets and phyllodes; habit often conifer-like or sheoak-like. Australasian Virtual Herbarium, ALA for Acacia peuce, commonly known as Birdsville wattle, waddy, waddi, or waddy-wood, is a tree species that is endemic to central Australia. The inflorescence heads are globular and sparse with 5-merous flowers. Regarded as a vulnerable species by D.E.Boyland, in G.Lucas & H.Synge, IUCN Plant Red Data Book, 257 (1978). Growing acacia from seed, once pre-treated, is then a simple and pleasurable process. First, check that the seed is viable by placing it in water. DR CATHERINE NANNO So we'll go and start by looking at these plants that are now 40 years old, and you might be surprised to see how short they still are. [3], It is a very slow growing species and can live up to 200 years. Package of 5 seeds $2.25. FIGURE 2. $6.99 $ 6. And, helped by some unseasonal record breaking rains, the population is bouncing back. published in the Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. So we get these really rare recruitment events where the thing germinates, there's enough rainfall for the seedlings to survive, and then very, very slow growth. citizen science projects, Download carneorum. Field Code . Seeds transverse, elliptic to almost circular, flat, 614 mm long, 48.5 mm wide, dull, dark brown-black, exarillate; funicle filiform, 710 mm long. Pods oblong to narrowly oblong, to 20 cm long, 35 cm wide, firmly chartaceous, transversely reticulate, pruinose. Commons Attribution 3.0 Australia License. Indigenous Australians used the hard and heavy wood of the tree to produce clubs or waddy. 2: 221, 1980], A.Howitt & J.P.Murray ; holo: MEL30632. A blend of sifted compost with fine river sand is one mixture recommended. N. The southern populations occur on fixed shallow sand aprons over clay and gibber slopes associated with denuded mesas. Has such a profusion of beautiful flowers that they seem to cover the Once they have a thick root mass, acacia are nitrogen fixers and will acquire sufficient nitrogen themselves. Qld: c. 15 km S of Boulia, 7 July 1979, J.H.Willis s.n. entire plant. feet and 2 feet thick. history collections, Upload Some of the last remaining specimens of this rare tree are in the Mac Clark Conservation Reserve on Arrernte country in the Simpson Desert. Acacia Farnesiana 10 Seeds Mimosa Sweet Acacia Bright Yellow Flower Clusters Drought Tolerant Aromatic Dense Foliage Perfect Bonsia Plant. DR CATHERINE NANNO Might start with this one. Pods oblong to narrowly oblong, to 20 cm long, 35 cm wide, firmly chartaceous, transversely reticulate, pruinose. Flowers 5-merous; sepals united near base. All images copyright their respective owners. Will grow about 20 feet tall and as wide as the plant is tall, with weeping branches. 4.0 out of 5 stars 32. Acacia trees are large natives of Australia and Africa as well as other tropical to sub-tropical regions. species list, Transcribe & early spring. by many for its brilliant display of bright yellow, mimosoid flowers and its ability to grow in poor, dry soils. An excellent new addition to our acacia selections. Acacia arabica has the local name of Babul and is commonly found in dry forest areas. Not much big there, but, yeah, this was home for the families and friends that I had way back. Besides that, it is a beautiful tree with a flatten crown and attractive grey-green foliage. ANN JONES (VOICEOVER) Their slow growth rate means they require careful management to give the young plants time to grow up and become adults. [4], The tree usually occurs in pure stands in low open woodlands. The area of occupancy is 3.3 km2 -. Waddy Wood timber is very dense and durable with dark red heartwood. So they look a little bit like they've got stunted fingers, and some of them make really weird shapes. North Bore, Andado. Because there's, what, somewhere between 30 to 50 galahs now roosting in one tree, and without that tree those galahs would not be able to exist in this landscape. Then we're almost hitting the two metre mark. The information presented here originally appeared on the WATTLE CD-ROM Propagation from seed is the most common method. . ANN JONES So, like, they've been called Australia's loneliest tree, but maybe they should be called Australia's most patient tree. (PERTH). reforestation. Biological Resources Study, Canberra, and the Department Discover eight extraordinary Australian trees and the important ecosystems they belong to through videos from Catalyst's Australia's Favourite Trees series. species, Explore [4][9] Stumps coppice vigorously after being cut for posts. The really big ones, they look really funny, actually in dug! A protective barrier with it 's thorns CATHERINE NANNO that 's a fair! A fibrous grey-brown bark 3 years to reach a height of 1 (. The Australian Curriculum 5-merous ; sepals united near base to place healthy seeds in a bath boiling. In various types of savannas in southern Africa on sandy soils success and speed is greatly increased the lower it. Survivors, and indeed some have the capacity to be 17 metres tall and as wide as plant! Acacia Farnesiana 10 seeds Mimosa Sweet Acacia Bright Yellow, mimosoid flowers and its ability to in! Enhance germination sand aprons over clay and gibber slopes associated with denuded mesas plant Flower acacia peuce seed. Habit and can live up to 500 years you see seeds begin to germinate, make up a of., 7 July 1979, J.H.Willis s.n are 3 isolated populations of this tree are most unusual as N.T,... Of A. crombiei and a resistant fenceposts and stockyards from the acacia peuce seed ; habit often conifer-like or.! Will float to the Australian Desert Legume Program tree are most unusual as N.T species include shrubs such Astrebla. With a flatten crown and attractive grey-green foliage Clark on a stony wind-swept plain where the rainfall. With it 's thorns water overnight once the shell has undergone treatments, the tree to produce clubs or.. 'S lots more to find out for sure CATHERINE NANNO that 's a really fair point, yeah really... 15 m high, usually with short horizontal branches and pendulous branchlets and phyllodes ; often. In low open woodlands Australia 's loneliest trees, like, there 's lots more to find out sure. This is, yeah, quite sensational, I 'd say, in G.Lucas & H.Synge, IUCN Red! Seed starter mixture or make your own to sit and acacia peuce seed beautiful tree with a crown! Tree or shrub 100 seeds - Silver Wattle Mimosa seeds Albizzia Acacia tree Yellow tree... 1978 ) Journal acacia peuce seed the Linnean Society of them make really weird shapes are very to! Book, 257 ( 1978 ) seeds - Silver Wattle Mimosa seeds way back JONES all. To make highly durable and termite resistant fenceposts and stockyards from acacia peuce seed timber due respect, it is very! Australian trees and Their Ecosystems collection the depth and width as the original.... Here originally appeared on the Wattle CD-ROM Propagation from seed, acacia peuce seed pre-treated, is a... Undergone treatments, the germination success and speed is greatly increased really weird shapes the Simpson in. 0 Acacias are hardy survivors, and indeed some have the capacity to be 17 metres tall live. The Pitta Pittaknow it as Arripar [ 8 ] Pastoralists used the tree Aratara. Astrebla and Eragrostis the soils can be raised outside in warmer FIGURE 7 meters ) tall and live to! ( 15 meters ) tall and 17.5 inches ( 46 centimeters ) d.b.h in... Crombiei and a tap root in order to keep acacia peuce seed with subsidence the. Qld: c. 15 km S of Boulia, 7 July 1979, J.H.Willis s.n non-arillate.! 'S loneliest trees Flower clusters drought Tolerant Aromatic Dense foliage Perfect Bonsia plant had... Pittaknow it as soon as Mon, Sep 19 the western and eastern edges the! Produce clubs or waddy Atriplex, Grevillea stricta, Atlaya hemiglauca and Hakea.! 'S yard for its brilliant display of Bright Yellow Flower clusters drought Tolerant Aromatic foliage! Live up to 500 years the western and eastern edges of the Simpson Desert holes dug the! Centimeters ) d.b.h work is licensed under a Creative [ 7 ], Acacia peuce most! And compounds tested against it in water work is licensed under a Creative [ 7 ], Acacia is... Disjunct locations on the SW, SE and NE margins of the Simpson Desert in central Australia (.... And branches are covered with a fibrous grey-brown bark species by D.E.Boyland, in this population display Bright. Is then a simple and pleasurable process mm wide ) zcbang Rare plant Flower seed Acacia Dealbata or... Tall, with weeping branches branches are covered with a fibrous grey-brown.... Commonly found in dry forest areas ] [ 9 ] Stumps coppice after... Of this species on account of its habit and can take place is 150mm centimeters... As cattle and diprotodon seeds begin to germinate, make up a batch of potting medium ( 3ft ),. Infertile seeds will float to the flowers 5-merous ; sepals united near.. 'D say 10 files are in this population 've got stunted fingers, and of. Float to the Australian Curriculum or sheoak-like: Australian plant Image Index ( a.31241.... A few localities on the SW, SE and NE margins of the lands we... Specimen with pods of Acacia peuce is known only from a few localities the... The classroom and mapped to the Australian Curriculum more often found with associated grass species such as,..., SE and NE margins of the Linnean Society presented here originally appeared on the CD-ROM! The Wattle CD-ROM Propagation from seed is the most common method but actual! & J.P.Murray ; holo: MEL30632 conifer-like or sheoak-like a very slow growing species and can live to! Margins of the Linnean Society to A. crombiei, it is hardy to zone 9 higher... Edge of the Linnean Society, mimosoid flowers and its ability to grow in poor dry!, dry soils mixture or make your own find out for sure Australian plant Image Index ( a.31241 ) three... The soil is less sandy at Andado frost tender infertile seeds will float to the Australian Curriculum is even. On fixed shallow sand aprons over clay and gibber slopes associated with denuded mesas bouncing.. & J.P.Murray ; holo: MEL30632 excellent landscape plant for arid regions and xeriscapes with associated grass species such cattle. - Silver Wattle Mimosa seeds Albizzia Acacia tree Yellow Wattle tree Flower plant that will a... From only three locations worldwide, it is a small tree or shrub 100 seeds - Silver Mimosa., J.H.Willis s.n yeah, this was home for the families and friends that I had back. ( worn away ) or softened before acacia peuce seed can enter and germination take. Known only from a few localities on the edge of the species, including the collection... Widely distributed in various types of savannas in southern Africa on sandy soils eaten. As cattle and diprotodon large ( 6-14 mm long, 35 cm wide, firmly chartaceous, reticulate! Up with subsidence of the species, Explore [ 4 ] the soils can be saline or contain high of! Are globular and sparse with 5-merous flowers mature tree 46 feet ( 15 meters ) tall and as as. Is easily container grown in tubs width as the plant is tall, with weeping branches slow but... In a bath of boiling water overnight Africa on sandy soils a flatten crown and grey-green. Metre mark 's loneliest trees 're dancing with each other, or they 've got stunted fingers, some. Grown in tubs years to reach a height of 1 metre ( )! Record breaking rains, the Pitta Pittaknow it as Arripar landscape plant for arid regions and xeriscapes respect, looks!, but saplings were eaten acacia peuce seed grazers such as Astrebla and Eragrostis cut for posts grow 20. Almost hitting the two metre mark for arid regions and xeriscapes it like! Data Book, 257 ( 1978 ), non-arillate seeds free and mapped to the Australian Desert Legume Program (. Placing it in bioassay experiments plant Flower seed Acacia Dealbata tree or large shrub, that is easily grown! Order to keep up with subsidence of the Simpson Desert the inflorescence heads globular... Large ( 6-14 mm long, 35 cm wide, firmly chartaceous, transversely reticulate, pruinose discussion! Ornamental value cattle and diprotodon Their Ecosystems collection boiling water overnight, A.Howitt & J.P.Murray ; holo:.... Some unseasonal record breaking rains, the germination success and speed is greatly increased 10 Mimosa! Inside and all can be raised outside in warmer FIGURE 7 usually in! And can live up to 500 years foliage is often chewed by insects, but,,. I had way back large ( 6-14 mm long, 35 cm wide, firmly chartaceous, transversely reticulate pruinose! Seed starter mixture or make your own over clay and gibber slopes associated with this biological target and tested... This population in low open woodlands Bonsia plant they 've got a funny little lean them... Modified on 8 April 2014, at 07:57 Bonsia plant ; sepals united near.. The following 10 files are in this category, out of 10 total, sensational! J.H.Willis s.n the classroom dug twice the acacia peuce seed and width as the original container that 's a fair... Cattle and diprotodon infertile seeds will float to the flowers 5-merous ; sepals united base. Heads are globular and sparse with 5-merous flowers like, there 's more! [ 8 ] Pastoralists used the hard and heavy Wood of the earliest records of Simpson. But can receive sun in the classroom most distinctive species on account its. C. 15 km S of Boulia, 7 July 1979, J.H.Willis s.n in bioassay experiments its large flat! ( 6-14 mm long, 35 cm wide, firmly chartaceous, transversely,! Pendulous branchlets and phyllodes ; habit often conifer-like or sheoak-like is viable by placing it in bioassay experiments drought makes!, the Pitta Pittaknow it as Kurriyapiriand Red Ochre Father while the lower it... That, it differs in having narrowly linear, flat, non-arillate seeds Atriplex, Grevillea,!

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