Then, we determine the distance covered by a vehicle over five frames from the centroid of the vehicle c1 in the first frame and c2 in the fifth frame. The probability of an The second step is to track the movements of all interesting objects that are present in the scene to monitor their motion patterns. Our preeminent goal is to provide a simple yet swift technique for solving the issue of traffic accident detection which can operate efficiently and provide vital information to concerned authorities without time delay. If (L H), is determined from a pre-defined set of conditions on the value of . are analyzed in terms of velocity, angle, and distance in order to detect The main idea of this method is to divide the input image into an SS grid where each grid cell is either considered as background or used for the detecting an object. This is a recurring payment that will happen monthly, If you exceed more than 500 images, they will be charged at a rate of $5 per 500 images. Computer vision techniques such as Optical Character Recognition (OCR) are used to detect and analyze vehicle license registration plates either for parking, access control or traffic. We then determine the magnitude of the vector, , as shown in Eq. A dataset of various traffic videos containing accident or near-accident scenarios is collected to test the performance of the proposed framework against real videos. The existing video-based accident detection approaches use limited number of surveillance cameras compared to the dataset in this work. Note: This project requires a camera. The state of each target in the Kalman filter tracking approach is presented as follows: where xi and yi represent the horizontal and vertical locations of the bounding box center, si, and ri represent the bounding box scale and aspect ratio, and xi,yi,si are the velocities in each parameter xi,yi,si of object oi at frame t, respectively. The Scaled Speeds of the tracked vehicles are stored in a dictionary for each frame. Then, the angle of intersection between the two trajectories is found using the formula in Eq. This paper introduces a solution which uses state-of-the-art supervised deep learning framework [4] to detect many of the well-identified road-side objects trained on well developed training sets[9]. including near-accidents and accidents occurring at urban intersections are Before the collision of two vehicular objects, there is a high probability that the bounding boxes of the two objects obtained from Section III-A will overlap. 2. , the architecture of this version of YOLO is constructed with a CSPDarknet53 model as backbone network for feature extraction followed by a neck and a head part. The GitHub link contains the source code for this deep learning final year project => Covid-19 Detection in Lungs. Section V illustrates the conclusions of the experiment and discusses future areas of exploration. This algorithm relies on taking the Euclidean distance between centroids of detected vehicles over consecutive frames. However, one of the limitation of this work is its ineffectiveness for high density traffic due to inaccuracies in vehicle detection and tracking, that will be addressed in future work. Once the vehicles are assigned an individual centroid, the following criteria are used to predict the occurrence of a collision as depicted in Figure 2. Hence, effectual organization and management of road traffic is vital for smooth transit, especially in urban areas where people commute customarily. All the data samples that are tested by this model are CCTV videos recorded at road intersections from different parts of the world. There was a problem preparing your codespace, please try again. of International Conference on Systems, Signals and Image Processing (IWSSIP), A traffic accident recording and reporting model at intersections, in IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, T. Lin, M. Maire, S. J. Belongie, L. D. Bourdev, R. B. Girshick, J. Hays, P. Perona, D. Ramanan, P. Dollr, and C. L. Zitnick, Microsoft COCO: common objects in context, J. C. Nascimento, A. J. Abrantes, and J. S. Marques, An algorithm for centroid-based tracking of moving objects, Proc. sign in However, there can be several cases in which the bounding boxes do overlap but the scenario does not necessarily lead to an accident. Then, to run this python program, you need to execute the main.py python file. Surveillance, Detection of road traffic crashes based on collision estimation, Blind-Spot Collision Detection System for Commercial Vehicles Using Our parameters ensure that we are able to determine discriminative features in vehicular accidents by detecting anomalies in vehicular motion that are detected by the framework. We thank Google Colaboratory for providing the necessary GPU hardware for conducting the experiments and YouTube for availing the videos used in this dataset. Road traffic crashes ranked as the 9th leading cause of human loss and account for 2.2 per cent of all casualties worldwide [13]. arXiv as responsive web pages so you detection based on the state-of-the-art YOLOv4 method, object tracking based on Considering the applicability of our method in real-time edge-computing systems, we apply the efficient and accurate YOLOv4 [2] method for object detection. For instance, when two vehicles are intermitted at a traffic light, or the elementary scenario in which automobiles move by one another in a highway. Even though this algorithm fairs quite well for handling occlusions during accidents, this approach suffers a major drawback due to its reliance on limited parameters in cases where there are erratic changes in traffic pattern and severe weather conditions [6]. The trajectories are further analyzed to monitor the motion patterns of the detected road-users in terms of location, speed, and moving direction. We will introduce three new parameters (,,) to monitor anomalies for accident detections. https://github.com/krishrustagi/Accident-Detection-System.git, To install all the packages required to run this python program To contribute to this project, knowledge of basic python scripting, Machine Learning, and Deep Learning will help. Mask R-CNN is an instance segmentation algorithm that was introduced by He et al. In case the vehicle has not been in the frame for five seconds, we take the latest available past centroid. We then utilize the output of the neural network to identify road-side vehicular accidents by extracting feature points and creating our own set of parameters which are then used to identify vehicular accidents. We thank Google Colaboratory for providing the necessary GPU hardware for conducting the experiments and YouTube for availing the videos used in this dataset. In this paper, a new framework to detect vehicular collisions is proposed. 2020, 2020. Sign up to our mailing list for occasional updates. Road traffic crashes ranked as the 9th leading cause of human loss and account for 2.2 per cent of all casualties worldwide [13]. This section describes our proposed framework given in Figure 2. for smoothing the trajectories and predicting missed objects. 8 and a false alarm rate of 0.53 % calculated using Eq. We then determine the magnitude of the vector. The probability of an accident is . As illustrated in fig. However, one of the limitation of this work is its ineffectiveness for high density traffic due to inaccuracies in vehicle detection and tracking, that will be addressed in future work. Use Git or checkout with SVN using the web URL. The proposed accident detection algorithm includes the following key tasks: Vehicle Detection Vehicle Tracking and Feature Extraction Accident Detection The proposed framework realizes its intended purpose via the following stages: Iii-a Vehicle Detection This phase of the framework detects vehicles in the video. This section describes the process of accident detection when the vehicle overlapping criteria (C1, discussed in Section III-B) has been met as shown in Figure 2. of IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP), Object detection for dummies part 3: r-cnn family, Faster r-cnn: towards real-time object detection with region proposal networks, in IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Road traffic injuries and deathsa global problem, Deep spatio-temporal representation for detection of road accidents using stacked autoencoder, https://lilianweng.github.io/lil-log/assets/images/rcnn-family-summary.png, https://www.asirt.org/safe-travel/road-safety-facts/, https://www.cdc.gov/features/globalroadsafety/index.html. to use Codespaces. Computer Vision-based Accident Detection in Traffic Surveillance Earnest Paul Ijjina, Dhananjai Chand, Savyasachi Gupta, Goutham K Computer vision-based accident detection through video surveillance has become a beneficial but daunting task. This explains the concept behind the working of Step 3. These object pairs can potentially engage in a conflict and they are therefore, chosen for further analysis. traffic monitoring systems. At any given instance, the bounding boxes of A and B overlap, if the condition shown in Eq. become a beneficial but daunting task. Are you sure you want to create this branch? We store this vector in a dictionary of normalized direction vectors for each tracked object if its original magnitude exceeds a given threshold. A sample of the dataset is illustrated in Figure 3. We illustrate how the framework is realized to recognize vehicular collisions. Current traffic management technologies heavily rely on human perception of the footage that was captured. Numerous studies have applied computer vision techniques in traffic surveillance systems [26, 17, 9, 7, 6, 25, 8, 3, 10, 24] for various tasks. The proposed accident detection algorithm includes the following key tasks: The proposed framework realizes its intended purpose via the following stages: This phase of the framework detects vehicles in the video. Else, is determined from and the distance of the point of intersection of the trajectories from a pre-defined set of conditions. Hence, a more realistic data is considered and evaluated in this work compared to the existing literature as given in Table I. If the boxes intersect on both the horizontal and vertical axes, then the boundary boxes are denoted as intersecting. Kalman filter coupled with the Hungarian algorithm for association, and The trajectories of each pair of close road-users are analyzed with the purpose of detecting possible anomalies that can lead to accidents. This is done for both the axes. Automatic detection of traffic accidents is an important emerging topic in The result of this phase is an output dictionary containing all the class IDs, detection scores, bounding boxes, and the generated masks for a given video frame. The automatic identification system (AIS) and video cameras have been wi Computer Vision has played a major role in Intelligent Transportation Sy A. Bewley, Z. Ge, L. Ott, F. Ramos, and B. Upcroft, 2016 IEEE international conference on image processing (ICIP), Yolov4: optimal speed and accuracy of object detection, M. O. Faruque, H. Ghahremannezhad, and C. Liu, Vehicle classification in video using deep learning, A non-singular horizontal position representation, Z. Ge, S. Liu, F. Wang, Z. Li, and J. Multiple object tracking (MOT) has been intensively studies over the past decades [18] due to its importance in video analytics applications. The second part applies feature extraction to determine the tracked vehicles acceleration, position, area, and direction. The Overlap of bounding boxes of two vehicles plays a key role in this framework. accident is determined based on speed and trajectory anomalies in a vehicle Lastly, we combine all the individually determined anomaly with the help of a function to determine whether or not an accident has occurred. The efficacy of the proposed approach is due to consideration of the diverse factors that could result in a collision. An accident Detection System is designed to detect accidents via video or CCTV footage. Consider a, b to be the bounding boxes of two vehicles A and B. Computer vision applications in intelligent transportation systems (ITS) and autonomous driving (AD) have gravitated towards deep neural network architectures in recent years. Since we are focusing on a particular region of interest around the detected, masked vehicles, we could localize the accident events. You signed in with another tab or window. after an overlap with other vehicles. This framework was found effective and paves the way to the development of general-purpose vehicular accident detection algorithms in real-time. This takes a substantial amount of effort from the point of view of the human operators and does not support any real-time feedback to spontaneous events. The existing approaches are optimized for a single CCTV camera through parameter customization. While performance seems to be improving on benchmark datasets, many real-world challenges are yet to be adequately considered in research. We then determine the Gross Speed (Sg) from centroid difference taken over the Interval of five frames using Eq. Abandoned objects detection is one of the most crucial tasks in intelligent visual surveillance systems, especially in highway scenes [6, 15, 16].Various types of abandoned objects may be found on the road, such as vehicle parts left behind in a car accident, cargo dropped from a lorry, debris dropping from a slope, etc. The GitHub link contains the source code for this deep learning final year project &... Value of to determine the Gross speed ( Sg ) from centroid difference taken over the Interval of five using... Vehicular accident detection System is designed to detect vehicular collisions is proposed up our! Angle of intersection of the experiment and discusses future areas of exploration of the.! Was introduced by He et al rate of 0.53 % calculated using Eq describes our proposed framework against videos. Further analyzed to monitor anomalies for accident detections scenarios is collected to the. 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For availing the videos used in this work compared to the existing video-based accident detection algorithms in.... And they are therefore, chosen for further analysis codespace, please try again taking the Euclidean distance between of..., a new framework to detect vehicular collisions is proposed Figure 3 the condition shown in Eq magnitude of diverse! A and B overlap, if the condition shown in Eq approaches use limited number of cameras! Is found using the formula in Eq, to run this python program you! Effective and paves the way to the existing video-based accident detection algorithms in.... And management of road traffic is vital for smooth transit, especially in urban areas where people commute customarily and! Scenarios is collected to test the performance of the dataset in this work instance! Near-Accident scenarios is collected to test the performance of the dataset is illustrated in Figure 3 the data that... 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